The mistake is treating organisations as if they think for themselves.

A company may have strategy, processes, dashboards, budgets, and targets.

But the actual decision still happens in a human brain.

That brain has to interpret the situation, judge what matters, tolerate uncertainty, and choose what to do next.

So the quality of the decision depends not only on the information available, but also on the state of the person using it.

The gap between those two columns is where many organisational problems begin.